shutdown

Syntax

Purpose

To shut down the target database without exiting RMAN. This command is equivalent to using the SQL*Plus SHUTDOWN statement.

See Also: Oracle8i Administrator's Guide for information on how to start up and shut down a database, and SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference for SHUTDOWN syntax.

Requirements

• Execute this command at the RMAN prompt or within the braces of a run command.

• You cannot use the RMAN shutdown command to shut down the recovery catalog database. To shut down this database, start a SQL*Plus session and issue a SHUTDOWN statement.

• The normal, transactional, and immediate options all perform a clean close of the database. The abort option does not cleanly close the database; Oracle will perform instance recovery at startup.

• If your database operates in NOARCHIVELOG mode, then you must shut down the database cleanly and then issue a startup mount before a making a backup.

Keywords and Parameters

normal	shuts down the database with normal priority (default option), which means: No new connections are allowed after the statement is issued. Before the database is shut down, Oracle waits for all currently connected users to disconnect from the database. The next startup of the database will not require instance recovery.
abort	aborts the target instance, with the following consequences: All current client SQL statements are immediately terminated. Uncommitted transactions are not rolled back until next startup. Oracle disconnects all connected users. Oracle will perform crash recovery on the database at next startup.
immediate	shuts down the target database immediately, with the following consequences: Current client SQL statements being processed by Oracle are allowed to complete. Uncommitted transactions are rolled back. All connected users are disconnected.
transactional	shuts down the target database while minimizing interruption to clients, with the following consequences: Clients currently conducting transactions are allowed to complete, that is, either commit or abort before shutdown. No client can start a new transaction on this instance; any client attempting to start a new transaction is disconnected. After all transactions have either committed or aborted, any client still connected is disconnected.

Examples

Shutting Down a Database in Immediate Mode

This example waits for current SQL transactions to be processed before shutting down, then mounts the database:

shutdown immediate;
startup mount;

Shutting Down a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

This example backs up a database running in NOARCHIVELOG mode:

shutdown abort;
startup dba;
shutdown;
startup mount;
# executing the above commands ensures that database is in proper state for noarchivelog 
# backup
run {
     set duplex = 4;
     allocate channel dev1 type 'sbt_tape';
     backup database;
     alter database open;
}

Related Topics

"alterDatabase"

"startup"